An average in mathematical terms is an arithmetic mean. It is the sum of n different terms divided by n.
If a student scores 7, 6 and 8 in three different tests, each of ten marks, then his average score will be
These are the two main formulae which will be used under this topic
A few illustrations have been given below.
1. The average weight of ten students is increased by 1.8 kg when one student weighing 53 kg is replaced by a new student. Find the weight of the new student.
If we assume the sum of the weights of the other nine students to be x then the earlier average would have been (x + 53) / 10,
Since the weight of those nine students remains constant, and the new average is 1.8 kg more than the earlier one , we have
New Average – Old average = 1.8
(x+ unknown weight)/ 10 – (x + 53) / 10= 1.8
On solving we get
x+ unknown weight – x – 53 = 18
unknown weight – 53 = 18
unknown weight = 18 + 53
Unknown weight = 71 kgs.
To save time during exams we can use this formula directly
- If the average is increased then
Weight of new comer = weight of the person who left+ total increase in weight
Total increase in weight = number of men * increase in average weight
- If the average is decreased then
Weight of new comer = weight of the person who left – total decrease in weight
The total decrease in weight is = number of men * decrease in average weight
2. The average of 15 results is 75. If the average of the first seven results is 77 and that of the last seven is 72, find the seventh result.
Let the sum of all fifteen terms be x
x= sum of first seven terms + seventh term + sum of last seven terms – (1)
Using the formula:
“Total = Average * Number of data elements”
We get
- x = 75 * 15
- x = 1125 i.e. sum of all fifteen terms = 1125
Using the same formula:
Sum of first seven terms = 7* 77 = 539
Sum of last seven terms = 7 * 72 = 504
Using (1) we get
1125 = 539 + seventh term + 504
- Seventh term = 82
3. The average of w, x, y, z is 16. Half the sum of x, y, z is 28. What is the value of w?
Since the average of the four terms is 16
- (w + x + y + z) /4 = 16
- (w + x + y + z) = 64 – (1)
We also have
- (x + y + z ) / 2 = 28
- (x + y + z ) = 56
Using (1) we have
- w + 56 = 64
- w = 8
4. The average cost of eight items in a shop is Rs. 5000. Three items costing Rs.4000, Rs. 4200, Rs. 4300 are sold. What is the average cost of the remaining items?
Using the formula:
Total = Average * Number of data elements
- Total Cost of eight items = 5000 * 8
- Total Cost of eight items = 40000
Total cost of the three items which are sold = 4000 + 4200 + 4300 = 12500
Now the cost of the remaining five items = Cost of eight items – cost of the three items which are sold
- 40000 – 12500 =
- 27500
Using the formula:
Average = Total of the data
Number of data elements
Average = 27500/ 5 = Rs 5500
5. A driver drove at an average speed of 50 km/hour for the first two hours of her journey. For the next three hours she averaged 20 km/ hour. What was the average speed overall?
Distance covered in the first two hours = 50 km/hour * 2 hours = 100 km
Distance covered in the last three hours = 20 km/ hour * 3 hours = 60 km
Total distance = 160 km
Total time= 5 hours
Average speed = 32 km/ hour
The following exercise will help in understanding averages better.
Exercise
- Find the average of all prime numbers between 35 and 45.
- The average weight of A, B, C is 45 kg. The average weight of A and B is 40 kg, and of B and C is 43 kg. Find the weight of B.
- The average salary per month of 30 teachers is Rs 4000. If the Principal’s salary is added, the average salary is increased to Rs 4, 300. What is the Principal’s salary?
- The arithmetic mean of 5 numbers is 27. If one of the numbers is excluded their mean is 25. What is the excluded number?
- The mean temperature from Monday to Wednesday was 370 C and Tuesday to Thursday was 340 C. if the temperature on Thursday was 4/5th of Monday, what was the temperature on Thursday?
- The average age of 3 children in a family is 20% of the average age of the father and the eldest child. the total age of the mother and the youngest child is 39 years. if the father’s age is 26 years, what is the age of the second child?
- The mean weight of 120 students in the first year class of a college is 56 kg. If the mean weight of boys and that of girls in the class are 60kg and 50 kg respectively, then what is the number of boys and girls in the class?
- There are 35 students in a hostel. Due to the admission of 7 new students, the expenses of the mess were increased by Rs 42 per day while the average expenditure per head diminished by Re. 1. What was the original expenditure by the mess?
- The average age of 30 students in a class is 15 years. If 10 more boys join the class, the average age of the whole class is reduced by one year. What is the average age of the new comers?
- The average age of a family of six members is 25 years. After two years, a person dies at the age of 36 years and a new baby is born. What would be the average age of the family after eight years?
Answers
- 40.33
- 31kg
- Rs. 13,300
- 35
- 360 C
- Cannot be determined from the information given
- 72 boys and 48 girls
- Rs. 420
- 11 years
- 29 years
Arti Mohan
Can u pls provide me with t explanation for the sum no 5 of the exercise??
Let the temperature of Monday, Tuesday, Wednesday be x degree celsius, y degree celsius and z degree celsius respectively
The temperature of Thursday is 4/5 * x degree celsius
The average of the temperatures of Monday, Tuesday, Wednesday gives us
(x +y + z)/3 = 37
The average of the temperatures of Tuesday, Wednesday, Thursday gives us
(y + z + 4/5 x) /3= 34
We get
(x +y + z) = 37 * 3
y + z = (37 * 3) -x
using the value of y+z in the second equation we get
(37 * 3) -x + 4/5 x = 34 *3
(37 * 3) – (34 * 3) = x – 4/5 x
3 ( 37-34) = 1/5x
9= 1/5 x
x = 45
The temperature on Monday is 45 degree celsius
The temperature on Thursday is 4/5x = 4/5 * 45 = 36 degree celsius
(Mon+Tue+Wed)/3=37==>Mon+Tue+Wed=111 eqn 1
(Tue+Wed+Thu)/3=34==>Tue+Wed+Thu=102 eqn 2
On subtraction Mon+Thu=9….
As we know that Thu=(4/5)Mon ….
On solving we will get answer as 36
on subtraction it will be Mon-thus=9
Hi, This really helped me, thanks a lot! 🙂
But I’m a lill confused about the 8th and 10th one. Can you please explain the working?
Thanks. 🙂
Could you explain the 2nd sum? I am very weak in maths
Thanks 🙂
total w of a b c = 135 ie. 45*3
total weight of a b = 80 ie. 40*2
total weight of b c =86 ie. 43*2
weight of c= 135-80= 55
weight of a= 135-86 = 49
weight of b= 135- (49+55)
= 135-104
= 31
hey,can someone plz explain m the working of the 10th ques..??
i think the answer should be 33.
here s my logic,d initial sum ( let be sum1 )of ages is = 25*6
after 8 yrs,sum2= 25*6+ 2+6+8*5
so the avg wil be sum2 / 6 = 33
help plz !
could anyone please explain me question number 7… it is like solving an impossible question…
total wght of class = 56*120=6720
total wght of boys = 60x
total wght of girls = 50y
therefore 60x+50y=6720 -1
x+y=120 -2
slolve the two equations you get the answer
Thank You very much… 🙂
hey the 10th one will be done like this:-
total sum of ages of 6 memebers=25*6=150
after 2 years the sum will be=150+2*6=162
now a person dies at the age of 36 nd a new baby is born so no. of family members will remain 6 only.
but the new total sum of ages=162-36=126
after 8 yrs the total age would become=126+6*8=174
therefore,avg.age=174/6=29yrs.
can sum1 tell me how 2 do the 8th one????
cn ny1 prvd me d explanataion of the 8th ques..????
Solution to No.8-
Let the per head expense be Rs.x
Total expense of 35 students= Rs.35x.
Now,
7 more students means total no.of students= (35+7)=42students.
Per-head expense=Rs.(x-1) [ since per-head expense decreases by Re.1]
So, total expense of 42 people= Rs.42(x-1)
Therefore now we get the equation as;
42(x-1)= 35x+42 [As,total expense increases by 42]
or, 42x-42= 35x+42
or,42x-35x=42+42
or,7x=84
or,x=12
So, per-head expense of 35 students was Rs.12
Total expense= Rs.(35*12)= Rs.420
Hope this helps, Happy Solving Friends! 🙂
very helpful site….. thanks alot
good questions thanks 🙂
The average weight of a class of 15 boys and 10 girls is 38.4 kg. If the average weight of the boys is 40 kg,then what is the average weight of the girls?
please give short trick of average
solution for question number 6 please. I am stuck.
Anyone? (‘.’ ) ( ‘.’)
got it. cannot be determined 😀
My bad
Hey,
In the second illustration, aren’t we supposed to find the 8th result instead of the 7th result ?
Yes , I also think that 8th result is to be found
Can you solve a question, i m having a problm in it.
Average of 50 numbers is 30. If two of them are 35 and 40,find the average of remaining numbers
ques 3
ques 3 ???? need help
If there are 30 members in the beginning then,
total salary=number of employees *average salary
that is => 30*4000 = 1,20,000.
when the principal is added one employee is also increased
which means now the total employees are 31.
hence, after principal joined the average became = 4,300
now, the average salary of 31 employees are = 31*4,300=1,33,300
hence, salary = 1,33,300-1,20,000 = 13,300
and it was a QED(Quiet Easily Done!)
please give the solution of question -9. i am not getting it.
The average age of 30 boys in a class is 15.2 years. if 15 more boys join the class, the average of the whole class is reduced by half a year. The average age of the new comer is
30*15.2=456 ,, reduce by half a year means 0.5 year … so , it will be .. 15 more student … 15+30 =45. ,,,, 45*(15.2 yrs – 0.5 yr) = 45*14.7= 661.5. Now ,,661.5-456=205.5 ….. divide 205.5 by no.of new boys join the class …
205.5/15=13.7 …Answer=13.7 years.
Can you post solution for Q6?
Thankyou!
Sorry just saw the solution.
Can I have the solution for Q7 please?
Thanks 🙂
I got the solution to Q7 🙂
can u please provide the soluction of que. no. 9
Thanks a lot..! Lots of gyan recived..!
can you plz give sol of Q6
Thank you
Q9 plz