The Daily Brief – 9th October 2019

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1. The World Habitat Day is observed every year on the first Monday of October to reflect on the state of our towns and cities, and on the basic right of all to adequate shelter. This year, it was observed on 7^th October with the theme ‘ Frontier Technologies as an innovative tool to transform waste to wealth’. It was in 1986 that the United Nations first celebrated World Habitat Day. This year, the day was held in Mexico City.

   

2. Michel Mayor and Didier Queloz of Switzerland and James Peebles, a Canadian-American physicist, will share the 2019 Nobel Prize in Physics. James will share half of the prize for his contribution towards “Theoretical discoveries in physical cosmology”, while the Swiss scientists will share the other half for their work on “Discovery of an exoplanet orbiting a star similar to sun”. The prize consists of 914,000 USD. The first Nobel Prize in Physics was awarded to physicist Wilhelm Röntgen in 1901.
3. The Income Tax department launched the National E-Assessment Scheme to eliminate the interface between an assessing officer and a taxpayer. Initially, 58,322 income tax cases have been selected under the National e-Assessment Center (NeAC), officially launched by Revenue Secretary Ajay Bhushan Pandey in New Delhi.
4. The Ministry of Health and Family welfare launched the eDant Seva under the National Oral Health Program on 7^th October, 2019 to improve oral hygiene and reduce disparity in oral health accessibility. The National Oral Health Program was launched in 2014. The first National Oral Health Policy was launched in 1986 and the first National Oral Health Care Program was launched in 1999.
5. The World Space Week is celebrated every year from 4^th to 10^th October every year to mark the launch of the first human-made earth satellite Sputnik-1 on 4^th October, 1957. The theme for this year is ‘The Moon: Gateway to the Stars’. The World Space Week Association began to coordinate the World Space Week from 1980. In 1981, the Space Week headquarters was formed in the US to organize national wide celebration in the US.
6. The Jal Shakti Ministry launched an initiative Ganga Aamantran to connect stakeholders of the Ganga river. It is an open-water rafting and kayaking expedition that is to be held on the Ganges between 10^th October, 2019 and 11^th November, 2019. It will start at Devprayag and will end at Ganga Sagar covering 2,500 km in the Ganges. It is the first and the largest campaign in Indian history to create awareness about River Rejuvenation and Water Conservation on a large scale.
7. Peter Ratcliffe of Britain and William Kaelin and Gregg Semenza of US shared the 2019 Nobel Prize for Medicine for their work on how oxygen levels affect cellular metabolism. The trio will share a prize money of 914,000 USD. It has paved the way to understand the strategies to fight cancer, anemia and other diseases. The first Nobel Prize in Physiology or Medicine was awarded in 1901 to the German physiologist Emil Adolf von Behring.

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